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Reviews in Pharmaceutical Sciences

ISSN: 3139-4191

Big Science Publishers LLP (registered under section 12(1) of the LLP act 2008) is a fully open access non-annual journal, publish high quality science-based articles. Big Science Publishers also guide the young budding researchers, UG/PG students and scholars and other academic professional who wants to learn the manuscript writing.

Reviews in Pharmaceutical Sciences Cover

Reviews in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Big Science Publishers LLP (registered under section 12(1) of the LLP act 2008) is a fully open access non-annual journal, publish high quality science-based articles. Big Science Publishers also guide the young budding researchers, UG/PG students and scholars and other academic professional who wants to learn the manuscript writing.

Home › Articles › Volume 2, Issue 3 › Translating clinical neuroimaging modalities into st...
Review

Translating clinical neuroimaging modalities into stereotaxic coordinates: a comprehensive synthesis of preoperative surgical planning in the wistar rat model


Volume 2, Issue 3, Pages 49-53

Authors

Bakthavatchalam P.1,*, Priya Vasuabbaraw T.2, Erin X.3, Ayeshna K.3, Joseph A.O.4
Affiliation:
1Department of Anatomy and Physiology, American University of Antigua, University Park, Jabberwock Beach Road, PO Box W1451, Coolidge, Antigua, West Indies, North America.
2Medical officer, Hospital Pendang, Kampung Manggol Pauh, 06700 Pendang, Kedah, Malaysia.
3American University of Antigua College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Antigua, University Park, Jabberwock Beach Road, PO Box W1451, Coolidge, Antigua, West Indies, North America.
4Chief Lab Technologist, AUACAS, American University of Antigua, University Park, Jabberwock Beach Road, PO Box W1451, Coolidge, Antigua, West Indies, North America.

Corresponding Author

Bakthavatchalam P.

ABSTRACT

For many years, the Paxinos and Watson stereotaxic atlas has been essential to accuracy in rodent neurosurgery. However, inter-individual anatomical variability in Wistar rats, which is impacted by age, weight, and strain substructures, commonly leads to electrode or cannula misplacement. This narrative research explores the paradigm shift from atlas-based “blind” surgery to tailored, image-guided planning using clinical-grade MRI and Micro-CT. We look at how 3D-segmentation helps identify target nuclei (such the Subthalamic Nucleus), how this enhances surgical results, and how DICOM data is transformed into stereotaxic coordinates. We show that pre-operative imaging lowers animal attrition and improves the translational validity of neurological models by integrating clinical radiography and preclinical surgery.

KEYWORDS

Wistar rats, Stereotaxic surgery, MRI, Micro-CT, Surgical planning, Neurosurgery, Image-guided surgery.

History

Submission 21 August 2026

Published 05 September 2026

DOI

10.5281/zenodo.22652724

Author Notes

*Corresponding author. Email:

Open Access

This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Journal
Journal Reviews in Pharmaceutical Sciences
Volume Volume 2
Issue Issue 3
Year 2026

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