ABSTRACT

The burden of fetal diseases is an ever-increasing problem, particularly in infectious diseases conditions, neurodegenerative disorders and in cases of cancer [1,2]. Even though, the advancement in research has contributed to the drug discovery significantly; the researchers are still not able to find a cure for such fatal diseases. This creates a fundamental paradox in drug discovery domain. The understanding for epidemiology of disease and its molecular mechanism drug-protein interaction has expanded to a large scale; but translating this information into medicine development is still a slow process. Now, the question arises: do we need to begin the drug discovery process from the beginning to find out new treatment?. Drug repurposing also known as drug screening methods has been utilized by the researchers over decades to generate information about existing drug’s pharmacology and safety [3]. But only drug repurposing, utilizing AI tools, does not establish efficacy or safety for new indications. Necessary, pre-clinicals and clinicals are still required [4]. The upcoming artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning and large-scale biomedical database further adds-on to the potential of drug repurposing process against various disease [5]. Instead of relying only on chance-based observations, researchers can now systematically analyze relationships between molecules, targets, pathways and diseases. Thus, the future of new drug development is not only depended on discovering new molecules but also on new therapeutic possibilities within the medicines that already exist.